The Academy of Mathematics, the seed for our modern-day academy, was created in 1582 no less, during the reign of Felipe II, and it has had a long history since then. The current academy was founded on 25 February 1847, during the reign of Isabel II. It is now located in the centre of Madrid, near the Plaza de Callao.

The institution aims to foster study and research into Mathematical, Physical, Chemical, Geological and Biological Sciences, and their applications, as well as disseminating knowledge.  Among its main functions, advising the Government in areas of its competence stands out, particularly in scientific policy that may have an impact on the country’s scientific and technological development. Likewise, the Academy assumes other tasks, such as organising meetings and seminars on the aforementioned specialities, publishing its journal and scientific reports, as well as other types of reports or studies, establishing and defining scientific and technical terminology, guaranteeing the appropriateness of language, awarding awards, etc.

It has a library with more than 27,000 volumes and diverse materials, such as scientific journals, manuscripts and maps.  Its collections have been acquired by the Academy or by means of exchanges and private donations.