The first wall of Madrid was built during the emirate of Muhammad ben Abd al Rahmman between 850 and 866 and was reinforced in the tenth century by Caliph Abd al Rahmman III. The stones of the wall were made by quarrying limestone and flint, and were ordered around square towers equipped with escarpments, portholes and possibly battlements.

It involved an urban perimeter of about 4 hectares, consisting of the deck and mezzanine, and access is through the doors of the Vega (west), Santa Maria (east) and Sagra ( north). Despite having been declared a National Monument in 1954, it has suffered considerable damage repeatedly.

The most representative remains can be seen in the Emir Mohamed I park, in the vicinity of the Cuesta de la Vega, next to the Royal Palace.